Permanent Implants - These are tiny steel seeds about the size of a grain of rice that contains radioactive material. Types of internal radiation therapy include: In this type of radiation therapy, radioactive material is placed into cancer or surrounding tissue. Internal radiation therapy is also called brachytherapy. SRT is often given as a single treatment or in lesser than 10 treatments. Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT) - This treatment delivers a large, precise radiation therapy dose to a small tumor area. ![]() This allows better targeting of the tumor and helps reduce damage to healthy tissue. Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) - Daily images of each treatment field to confirm patient positioning are taken to make sure the target is in the field. This limits damage to nearby healthy tissue. There is very little radiation dose beyond the tumor as compared to x-rays. The protons deposit the specific dose of radiation therapy to the targeted tissue. At high energy, protons can destroy cancer cells. Proton Beam Therapy - This treatment uses protons rather than x-rays. IMRT targets the tumor and avoids healthy tissue better than conventional 3D-CRT. With IMRT, the intensity of the radiation is varied within each field unlike conventional 3D-CRT, which uses the same intensity throughout each beam. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) - This is a more complex form of radiation. ![]() It means that higher doses of radiation therapy can be used while reducing damage to healthy tissue. This allows aiming the radiation therapy more precisely. Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D-CRT) - Three-dimensional pictures of the cancer are created, from CT or MRI scans. The types of external-beam radiation therapy are: External-beam radiation therapy is the most common type and delivers radiation from a machine outside the body. ![]() Two major types are external-beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy. There are different types of radiation therapy. Hence all providers must be aware of the common adverse effects of radiation therapy. Therefore, around 7 million patients receive radiotherapy worldwide every year. Improved cure rates of all malignancies have resulted in more providers being confronted with a large number of patients with a wide range of chronic morbidities in long-term survivors. About 30% to 50% of all cancer patients receive irradiation either alone or with chemotherapy and surgery. Overall, cancer rates are projected to increase from approximately 9 million in 2017 to approximately 26 million new cancer cases by 2030.
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